![]() We begin in Parts I and II with an overview of cause lawyering in Indonesia generally. This paper explores the tension between the Indonesian legal profession’s history of activism for social justice causes and its own incapacity to organize itself in a way that might better regulate and support the ideals underpinning the post-1998 reforms. It also demonstrates both the strength of cause lawyers in Indonesia and the continuing challenge they face to unite the legal profession through an independent bar association. The lack of a bar association raises uncertainty for the implementation of professional ethics and the regulation of the profession. This article argues that the recent aborted efforts to establish a united bar were due to the influence of cause lawyers who insisted that such an association must be independent from the state and free from corruption. This article examines the role that cause lawyers have played in attempts to unify and regulate the legal profession since 1998 and the transition to democracy, including the introduction of the Code of Ethics 2002 and Law 18/2003 on Advocates. To date there has never been a united bar association that oversees and regulates the legal profession. Since independence in 1945, there have been ongoing, vociferous debates in Indonesia over whether, and to what extent, the legal profession should be regulated.
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